Igal
11 A los que nos digan que ese tal ni siquiera vive, les responderemos que sí, que vive, pero que ellos no se dan cuenta de que ese tal es feliz, como ni de que vive. Y si no se persuaden, les pediremos que partan del supuesto de un hombre vivo y bueno antes de preguntarse si es feliz, en vez de aminorar primero su vida y luego preguntarse si vive una buena vida, en vez de anular primero al hombre y luego preguntarse por la felicidad del hombre, en vez de admitir primero que el virtuoso vive cara a lo interior y luego observarlo en sus actos externos; en una palabra, en vez de buscar en las cosas externas el objeto de su voluntad. Porque la existencia misma de la felicidad sería imposible, si se supone que las cosas externas son objeto de la voluntad y el objeto de la voluntad del virtuoso. Es verdad que él deseará que a todos los hombres les vaya bien y que ningún mal sobrevenga a nadie; pero si sus deseos no se cumplen, así y todo será feliz. Y si se nos dice que tales deseos, si los tuviese, harían de él un iluso, ya que no puede menos de haber males, eso será darnos la razón claramente cuando orientamos la voluntad del virtuoso cara a lo interior.
Bouillet
Bréhier
11. Mais, dit-on, un tel être ne vit pas. — Si, il vit ; mais son bonheur, comme sa vie, échappe à nos adversaires. Ils ne nous croient pas ? Nous estimons qu’ils ont à poser un être vivant et sage avant de se demander s’il est heureux ; ce n’est pas après lui avoir accordé une vie diminuée qu’il faut se demander s’il lui appartient de bien vivre ; ce n’est pas en anéantissant l’homme qu’on traite la question du bonheur de l’homme ; et, après avoir admis que le sage a toute son activité dirigée en lui-même, il ne faut pas le chercher dans les manifestations extérieures de son activité, ni chercher un objet à sa volonté dans les choses extérieures ; et ils nient l’existence substantielle du bonheur dès qu’ils disent que les choses extérieures sont des objets de la volonté et que le sage les veut ; le sage voudrait bien que tous les hommes fussent heureux et qu’il ne leur arrivât aucun mal ; mais, si cela n’arrive pas, il est tout de même heureux. — Mais, dira-t-on, il fait une absurdité, s’il veut pareille chose, puisqu’il est impossible que le mal n’existe pas. — Cela montre au moins qu’on nous concède qu’il tourne sa volonté vers l’intérieur.
Guthrie
THE ONLY OBJECT OF THE VIRTUOUS WILL IS THE CONVERSION OF THE SOUL TOWARDS HERSELF.
11. It has sometimes been said that a man in such a condition does not really live. (If such be their honest opinion), they must be told that he does live, even if they be incapable of understanding his happiness and his life. If this seem to them incredible, they should reflect whether their own admission that such a man lives and is virtuous, does not imply that under those circumstances he is happy. Neither should they begin by supposing that he is annihilated, only later to consider whether he be happy. Neither should they confine themselves to externalities after having admitted that he turns his whole attention on things that he bears within himself; in short, not to believe that the goal of his will inheres in external objects. Indeed, such considering of external objects as the goal of the will of the virtuous man, would be tantamount to a denial of the very essence (being) of happiness; likewise, insisting that those are the objects he desires. His wish would undoubtedly be that all men should be happy, and that none of them should suffer any evil; but, nevertheless, he is none the less happy when that does not happen. Other people, again, would say that it was unreasonable for the virtuous man to form such an (impossible) wish, since elimination of evils here below is out of the question. This, however, would constitute an admission of our belief that the only goal of the virtuous man’s will is the conversion of the soul towards herself.
MacKenna
11. We shall perhaps be told that in such a state the man is no longer alive: we answer that these people show themselves equally unable to understand his inner life and his happiness.
If this does not satisfy them, we must ask them to keep in mind a living Sage and, under these terms, to enquire whether the man is in happiness: they must not whittle away his life and then ask whether he has the happy life; they must not take away man and then look for the happiness of a man: once they allow that the Sage lives within, they must not seek him among the outer activities, still less look to the outer world for the object of his desires. To consider the outer world to be a field to his desire, to fancy the Sage desiring any good external, would be to deny Substantial-Existence to happiness; for the Sage would like to see all men prosperous and no evil befalling anyone; but though it prove otherwise, he is still content.
If it be admitted that such a desire would be against reason, since evil cannot cease to be, there is no escape from agreeing with us that the Sage’s will is set always and only inward.