Guthrie / Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie

Matérias

• Guthrie – Ennead I, 1 (53): estrutura do tratado
  20 de fevereiro de 2022, por Cardoso de Castro

  Capítulo 1: Distinções psicológicas na alma
  Capítulo 2: A alma como um agregado composto A alma não é essência
  Capítulo 3: A alma usa o corpo como instrumento Separação da alma do corpo Relação primitiva entre alma e corpo
  Capítulo 4: Consequências da mistura de alma e corpo Mistura de alma e corpo Hipóteses aristotélicas consideradas
  Capítulo 5: O organismo vivente Refutação da teoria das emoções Nem todas as afeições comum para alma e corpo Desejo, não simultâneo com apetite (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: Ennead VI,8
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Of the Will of the One.
  A. OF HUMAN FREE WILL.
  DOES FREE WILL BELONG TO GOD ONLY, OR TO OTHERS ONLY?
  1. Do the divinities themselves possess free will, or is this limited to human beings, because of their many weaknesses and uncertainties? (For we assume that) the divinities possess omnipotence, so that it would seem likely that their actions were free and absolutely without petty restrictions. Or must we hold that the (supreme) One alone possesses omnipotence, and unhampered free (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: Ennead IV,6
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Of Sensation and Memory.
  STOIC DOCTRINES OF SENSATIONS AND MEMORIES HANG TOGETHER.
  If we deny that sensations are images impressed on the soul, similar to the impression of a seal, we shall also, for the sake of consistency, have to deny that memories are notions or sensations preserved in the soul by the permanence of the impression, inasmuch as, according to our opinion, the soul did not originally receive any impression. The two questions, therefore, hang together. Either we shall (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: Ennead III,8
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Of Nature, Contemplation and Unity.
  (These three subjects are discussed in paragraphs 1-4, 5-7, and 8-16. The plain paragraph numbers are those of the Teubner edition; those in parenthesis are the Creuzer (Didot) edition.)
  A. OF NATURE.
  INTRODUCTION: AS A JOKE, IT MAY BE SAID THAT EVEN PLANTS ASPIRE TO CONTEMPLATION.
  1. If as a preliminary pleasantry, we said that all beings, not only reasonable ones, but even the irrational, plants as well as the earth that begets them, aspire to (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: universal Soul
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  How can both sensible and intelligible objects be beautiful? Because, as we said, sensible objects participate in a form. While a shapeless object, by nature capable of receiving shape (physical) and form (intelligible), remains without reason or form, it is ugly. That which remains completely foreign to all divine reason (a reason proceeding from the universal Soul), is absolute ugliness. Any object should be considered ugly which is not entirely molded by informing reason, the matter, not (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: Ennead II,5
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Of the Aristotelian Distinction Between Actuality and Potentiality.
  QUESTIONS TO BE DISCUSSED.
  1. (Aristotle) spoke of (things) existing “potentially,” and “actually”; and actuality is spoken of as a “being.” We shall, however, have to examine this potential and actual existence; and whether this actual existence be the same as actuality, and whether this potential existence be identical with potentiality; also, whether these conceptions differ so that what exists actually be not (…)

• Guthrie – Ennead III, 5 (50): estrutura do tratado sobre o amor
  20 de fevereiro de 2022, por Cardoso de Castro

  Tradução Guthrie
  Plano detalhado do tratado
  Capítulo 1: Amor enquanto deus, guardião e paixão Amor passional é duplo Amor é reconhecimento de afinidade oculta Beleza terrena é uma imagem da beleza inteligível A Beleza é imortal Amor passional pode ser elevador embora aberto a tentações enganadoras
  Capítulo 2: O mito platônico do amor Interpretação do mito platônico Amor, como alma superior, ou luz, é inseparável de sua fonte Quem é a Vênus celestial
  Capítulo 3: O Amor possui o ser (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: intelligible world
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Thus, according to the ancient (Platonic or Empedoclean) maxim, “courage, temperance, all the virtues, nay, even prudence, are but purifications.” The mysteries were therefore wise in teaching that the man who has not been purified will, in hell, dwell at the bottom of a swamp; for everything that is not pure, because of its very perversity, delights in mud, just as we see the impure swine wallow in the mud with delight. And indeed, what would real temperance consist of, if it be not to (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: Ennead I,9
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Of Suicide.
  EVIL EFFECTS OF SUICIDE ON THE SOUL HERSELF.
  1. (As says pseudo-Zoroaster, in his Magic Oracles), “The soul should not be expelled from the body by violence, lest she go out (dragging along with her something foreign,” that is, corporeal). In this case, she will be burdened with this foreign element whithersoever she may emigrate. By “emigrating,” I mean passing into the Beyond. On the contrary, one should wait until the entire body naturally detaches itself from the soul; in (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: power
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Thus, in her ascension towards divinity, the soul advances until, having risen above everything that is foreign to her, she alone with Him who is alone, beholds, in all His simplicity and purity, Him from whom all depends, to whom all aspires, from whom everything draws its existence, life and thought. He who beholds him is overwhelmed with love; with ardor desiring to unite himself with Him, entranced with ecstasy. Men who have not yet seen Him desire Him as the Good; those who have, admire (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: celestial
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Another proof that our welfare resides up there is the love that is innate in our souls, as is taught in the descriptions and myths which represent love as the husband of the soul. In fact, since the soul, which is different from the divinity, proceeds from Him, she must necessarily love Him; but when she is on high her love is celestial; here below, her love is only commonplace; for it is on high that dwells the celestial Venus (Urania); while here below resides the vulgar and adulterous (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: gnostics
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  (Following both Hesiod and the Gnostics, Plotinos relates that) a woman was formed by Prometheus, and adorned by the other divinities. This piece of clay, after having been kneaded with water, was endowed with a human voice, and received a form similar to the deities. Then Venus, the Graces and the other deities each gave her a gift. That is why this woman was called Pandora, because (as her name implies, in Greek) she had received gifts, which had been given by all the divinities. All, in (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: eyes
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  How shall we start, and later arrive at the contemplation of this ineffable beauty which, like the divinity in the mysteries, remains hidden in the recesses of a sanctuary, and does not show itself outside, where it might be perceived by the profane? We must advance into this sanctuary, penetrating into it, if we have the strength to do so, closing our eyes to the spectacle of terrestrial things, without throwing a backward glance on the bodies whose graces formerly charmed us. If we do (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: space
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  (10). The soul penetrates the whole body, while an entire body cannot penetrate another entire body. Further, if the soul is corporeal, and pervades the whole body, she will, with the body, form (as Alexander of Aphrodisia pointed out) a mixture, similar to the other bodies (that are constituted by a mixture of matter and quality, as the Stoics taught). Now as none of the bodies that enter into a mixture is in actualization the soul, instead of being in actualization in the bodies, would be (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: anger
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  (15). The soul has affinities with the divine and eternal nature. This is evident, because, as we have demonstrated it, she is not a body, has neither figure nor color, and is impalpable. Consider the following demonstration. It is generally granted that everything that is divine and that possesses genuine existence enjoys a happy and wise life. Now let us consider the nature of our soul, in connection with that of the divine. Let us take a soul, not one inside of a body, which is undergoing (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: thought
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Thus, according to the ancient (Platonic or Empedoclean) maxim, “courage, temperance, all the virtues, nay, even prudence, are but purifications.” The mysteries were therefore wise in teaching that the man who has not been purified will, in hell, dwell at the bottom of a swamp; for everything that is not pure, because of its very perversity, delights in mud, just as we see the impure swine wallow in the mud with delight. And indeed, what would real temperance consist of, if it be not to (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: beautiful
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Beauty chiefly affects the sense of sight. Still, the ear perceives it also, both in the harmony of words, and in the different kinds of music; for songs and verses are equally beautiful. On rising from the domain of the senses to a superior region, we also discover beauty in occupations, actions, habits, sciences and virtues. Whether there exists a type of beauty still higher, will have to be ascertained by discussion. [Ennead I,6 (1) 1]
  What is the cause that certain bodies seem (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: irrational
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  The most irrational theory of all is that an aggregation of molecules should produce life, that elements without intelligence should beget intelligence. Others (like Alexander of Aphrodisia) insist that to produce life these elements must be mingled in a certain manner. That would, however, imply (as thought Gallen and Hippocrates) the existence of a principle which produces order, and which should be the cause of mixture or, temperament, and that should alone deserve being considered as (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: universe
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  The most irrational theory of all is that an aggregation of molecules should produce life, that elements without intelligence should beget intelligence. Others (like Alexander of Aphrodisia) insist that to produce life these elements must be mingled in a certain manner. That would, however, imply (as thought Gallen and Hippocrates) the existence of a principle which produces order, and which should be the cause of mixture or, temperament, and that should alone deserve being considered as (…)

• Guthrie-Plotinus: beauty
  1º de fevereiro, por Cardoso de Castro

  Beauty chiefly affects the sense of sight. Still, the ear perceives it also, both in the harmony of words, and in the different kinds of music; for songs and verses are equally beautiful. On rising from the domain of the senses to a superior region, we also discover beauty in occupations, actions, habits, sciences and virtues. Whether there exists a type of beauty still higher, will have to be ascertained by discussion. [Ennead I,6 (1) 1]
  What is the cause that certain bodies seem (…)