gr. γένος, génos: espécie, gênero. Na Grécia antiga, um génos pode, de maneira muito geral, ser definido como o conjunto daqueles que se reconhecem em um ancestral comum em linhagem masculina. Se torna para Platão um sinônimo de eîdos, "forma inteligível", enquanto Aristóteles   define como gênero "um atributoque pertence em sua essência a várias coisas especificamente diferentes.

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The basic sense of this word is “offspring,” “descent,” or more generally a hereditary group of some kind. The word was appropriated as a classificatory term without genetic significance, as “square” belongs to the genos of “plane figure” (Aristotle Metaphysics V.28, 1024M). So in a proper Aristotelian definition, the genos is the larger class to which the eidos being defined belongs. In this example, “square” is the eidos, “plane figure” is the genos. The relationship between eidos and genos varies readily up and down; that is, we might define “dog” as “domesticated canine,” where “dog” is the eidos, and “canine” is the genos (and “domesticated” the diaphora). But we can also say that “Laconian hound” is an eidos of the genos “dog,” or that “canine” is an eidos of the genos “viviparous quadruped.” [HDAGP  ]

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In the summation of being-characters, there is yet a fifth: εἶδος. Already, for Aristotle, εἶδος has “species” as its meaning. Why it means “species,” and why γένος means “genus,” is not understood if one does not know that εἶδος is an entirely determinate being-character. Initially, it means the being that is there in its “appearing.” As a master-builder builds a house, so he lives and operates initially in the εἶδος of the house, in the way it looks. [Heidegger  , GA18:35]

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LÉXICO: gênero; genos